Environmental Anthropology, an offshoot of Ecological Anthropology, is the study of the interconnection between people, cultures, and societies and their surrounding ecosystems in across all places on earth. Biofuel management has been intensively studied.

Forest fuel is the flammable biomass either living or dead, that is found in forests encompassing grass, fine fuel like tiny twigs, bigger fuels such as shrubs, branches found on ground, fallen trees, and logs. Tree canopies made up of green needles and tiny branches constitute crown fuels. When these fuels are arranged vertically it is called ladder fuels. It can also be present horizontally like a cluster of trees with varying dimensions. Homes and other structures also counted as forms of fuel. These forest fuels are to be effectively managed to prevent wild fires. Biomass reduction and removal play a major role in preventing and managing wildfires.

Biomass from forest sources have been used to provide renewable energy.  It has been advocated with multiple benefits such as energy system diversification, greenhouse gas  emission reduction, rural employment, decreased oil prices, and lesser use of fossil fuels. Forest biomass, marketable and non-marketable wood has a unique advantage in reducing net carbon emissions compared to conventional fuels. Electricity generation using forest biomass is that it improves the soil carbon sink process in afforestation process. Regional employment and associated economic growth have also been cited as drivers for bioenergy development.